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Quality Components
质量合格的零件
For better or worse, the price of an “entry level” mountain bike is incredibly low these days. This is certainly a good thing for many riders as the cost of getting into cycling is lower than perhaps ever before. However, those “entry level” bikes reach their low price points by cutting corners somewhere. One common place for this cost-trimming is in the bike’s wheels.
不论好坏，近些年来，入门级山地车的价格是前无古人，难以置信的低廉，也许这是个好事，可以让更多持币观望的人群能毅然进入骑行界。但是，这些入门级山地车之所以价廉，无非是靠配置短板来削减成本的，而常见的短板，就是轮组。
Bicycle wheels endure tremendous forces, especially when carrying heavy loads over rough terrain. Low-quality wheels that break spokes, bend axles, dent easily and won’t stay true are a serious liability. You’ll want to be certain that your wheels are built on sturdy, double-wall rims with quality hubs and spokes to avoid problems. As shown in the cross-section diagrams below, double-wall rims feature a box section design that adds significant strength over the less-expensive single-wall design.
单车轮组是要承受巨大的冲击力的，特别是重载通过崎岖地貌。劣质的轮组，容易断条，弯轴，导致偏摆跳，都是严重的麻烦。你需要的轮组，最好是用坚固的双层优质车圈，优质的花鼓和辐条编造以避免麻烦（当然，好的技师也至关重要--译者注）。如下列两张截面图所示，相较于廉价些的单层车圈，双层车圈截面呈现出来的结构更为坚固（有请水博士来谈谈结构力学，这方面我不专业--译者注）。
On the subject of hubs, most newer bikes are equipped with a “freehub” drive system rather than the older “freewheel” style. Bent or broken axles were common with “freewheel” rear hubs on mountain bikes because of the long section of axle protruding past the drive-side bearing. If you have a rear wheel using a threaded-on freewheel you’d be wise to consider an upgraded wheelset before loading the bike down.
花鼓方面，现代车装配的一般都是卡式飞轮（塔基千金）而非老式的旋式飞轮（飞轮千金）。而山地车弯轴情况大多发生在后者身上，因为驱动侧的轴杆长端失去了轴承保护（轴承轴承，就是要承受轴受到的冲击）。如果你的老车是用的旋式飞轮，无论出于何种原因（安全也好，速别也好），都建议换为现代的卡式飞轮花鼓。
如上图，左边为旋式飞轮及旋式花鼓，右为卡式花鼓和卡式飞轮
Other than wheels, you don’t really have too much to worry about. Even inexpensive brakes, shifters and drivetrain parts are surprisingly reliable and rarely fail when properly maintained. Higher-end parts will be lighter, more precise, offer performance benefits and are sometimes more durable but are not required.
However, it is vital that all of your components are well maintained, not excessively worn and in good working order. It is wise to check and replace (if needed) your chain, cables/hydraulic fluid, brake pads, etc before heading for the hills to avoid problems on the trail. Many trip-ending mechanicals are a result of poor maintenance and should be easily avoidable.
轮组之外，真心再没什么过于需要担心的环节了。哪怕是便宜些的刹车，变速杆，传动系统都出奇的耐用，而且很少故障，前提是质量靠谱，装配得当。高端的，顶级的零件，无非是更轻，更精准，更良好的表现，有时候甚至是更高的但并非必需的耐用性。
当然，零件的保养也是至关重要的，保持良好的状态而不是过度磨损。上山上路之前，检查备用链条，刹车线/油，刹车皮/来令片等是绝对明智的。荒野之外，皆有可能，足够的小准备，能规避低级失误导致的大问题。
综上所述，大小保健，平时都应该有...
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发表于 2019-2-15 14:37:49
楼主
